Vehicle search: Find a suitable charging station for all electric car brands

Simply select your electric car brand and get the appropriate items listed in our online shop clearly arranged for your e-vehicle. So you will find the right wallbox, charging cable, charging plug and other electric car accessories for your electric car brand.

Wide range of electric car brands

With the practical vehicle search in the ESL E-MOBILITY Onlineshop you will find a large selection of electric car brands. Simply select your brand and get a structured overview of the right items for your e-vehicle brand. Furthermore, you will find an overview of all models and connections in our vehicle search. You will also find out which type of electric vehicle the electric vehicle is, how the electric car charges and what battery capacity it has.

Wallboxes, charging cables, charging plugs and accessories for your e-vehicle

Benefit from the variety of wall boxes, charging cables, charging plugs and other electric car accessories: In the ESL E-Mobility online shop you will find the right equipment for all electric car brands. It's so easy to charge your vehicle anywhere!

Wallbox

With a wallbox you can easily charge your electric car at home. As a result, your e-vehicle is filled up and ready to drive every morning. With our vehicle search you will only receive the wall charging stations that are suitable for your electric car brand.

charge cable

In addition to the wall charging stations, we also have the right mobile charging stations and charging cables for your electric car in our online shop. So you can charge your e-vehicle on the road and are reliant on no charging station. Use our vehicle search to find only the right charging cable for your electric vehicle brand.

charging plug

With the right electric car charging plug to charge the e-vehicle anywhere: Discover in our online store charging plugs type 1 and 2 and charge your electric vehicle everywhere. Our search engine will only show you the right charging plugs for your electric car brand.

Electric car accessories

Benefit additionally from the large selection of electric car accessories in our online shop! Our clever vehicle search will only show you the accessories that are compatible with your electric car brand. So you can easily and clearly find the right electric car accessories.

Climate-neutral shipping in the ESL E-Mobility Online Shop

Simply order your wallbox, charging cable, charging plug or your electric car accessories online and do something for the environment with our climate-neutral shipping. Take advantage of our wide selection and product quality as well as our clever vehicle search for electric car brands. You want to know more about e-mobility? In our e-mobility guide you will find many helpful articles around the subject of electric vehicles.

Electric car charging time

How long does an electric car need to load?

What is single-phase loading?

What is a three-phase load?

Does the electric vehicle charge faster when I use a thicker electric cable?

What influences the loading speed?

Overview electric car charging time

Fundamentals of electrical engineering

In order to answer these questions, you first have to get a brief overview of physics and electrical engineering.

In the electric cars are usually installed lithium ion batteries with the current state of the art. These batteries belong to the chemical energy storage. This means that the charging and discharging of the battery occurs after a certain charge and discharge curve. If the batteries are charged quickly and with high power, then the lifetime is reduced by the faster destruction of the rechargeable batteries. If the charging power is too high, a fire could result from overheating of the batteries. Therefore, the charging speed will always be below the maximum possible. This affects accordingly also on the electric car charging time.

The battery is initially charged with the current, which allows the cell-saving the fastest and maximum charging speed. Then from about 80% of the charging capacity, the battery charges slower and slower. Thus, the battery needs to load the rest (20%) longer than the beginning for the 80%

Now you understand why you can not simply answer the question "how long does an electric car need to load".

Now you have to provide the maximum charging power, which can gently charge the battery. Since the battery is charged with DC, there are two ways of charging.

1. The conversion AC voltage from mains takes place in the charging station. The battery is charged directly from the power supply with direct current. This is Mode 4 charging via a DC charging station (CHAdeMO or CCS connector), which converts AC voltage into DC voltage and, via suitable plugs, supplies the DC voltage directly to the electric vehicle.

2. The conversion AC voltage from the grid is done in the car. The battery is charged by the power supply via an AC charging station (Mode 2 or 3). The AC voltage arriving in the electric vehicle (type 1 or type 2 plug) is converted into a DC voltage in the car and thus the battery is charged.

By charging the electric car in option 1. is charged directly with DC and this allows a faster electric car charging time than with AC voltage.

What determines physically or electrically how fast the electric car can be charged? This is the same as with all electrical products of the consumer (transformer current in, for example, movement, heat, etc.). The consumer determines how much electricity should flow. If z. B. a kettle has a power rating of 2000 watts and you put this into the socket, then this consumer pulls the 2000 W from the power supply (socket). How much electricity is this is to be learned in the subject physics via the formula I (current) = P (power) / U (voltage of the power supply). For the example kettle would be:

I = 2000 watts / 230 volts = 8.7 amps

So if you connect the kettle with this power will flow 8.7 A current, so that the kettle converts this energy into heat energy and we have hot water.

Electric car 1 - phase and 3 - phase charging with AC or DC voltage

So now back to electromobility. In our case the consumer is the electric car. The electric car is individual: manufacturer - / model - / and even equipment-related. Partly, the battery management systems are different, where in these at too high temperature of the battery or other signals, the charging power is reduced. Accordingly, every electric car consumes individually. So it does not help you if you install a thicker cable with a larger cross-section of the copper at the power supply. If the car is rated single - phase for a maximum charge of 16 A, then you will not be bothered with a 3 - phase cable or a 32 A (32 A) power supply. The electric car will only take the maximum 16 A current from the power supply. The only difference is, conversely, if you have only a lower power available from the grid than the E car could charge, then this is limited by the charging station (by a resistance coding) the charging power maximum. So, if you want to know how long it takes for an electric car to charge the battery, you first need to know what maximum charging power the electric car is designed for or how much the charging station can provide. You will find this either in the lid of the electric vehicle where the plug is plugged in or in the manufacturer's technical data (eg in the manual).

In order not to create a confused confusion or there are standards for collateral, as in many technical things, the components and processes are standardized.

There these services are defined as standard for the AC voltage. Here are the most common services:

-       3,7 kW one phase (230 V – 16 A)

-       7,4 kW one phase (230 V – 32 A)

-       11 kW three phase (400 V – 16 A)

-       22 kW dreiphasig (400 V – 32 A)

-       43 kW dreiphasig (400 V – 63 A)

The following services are currently provided for the DC voltage:

-       24 kW

-       50 kW

-       150 kW

Since the DC charging stations by the conversion of AC voltage to DC require greater technical know-how and more components than the AC charging stations, these cost usually over 20 000 €. That is why these DC charging stations are mainly used in public areas.

That's why I'll explain more about AC charging stations, where you can charge your electric vehicle at home or at work (at the employer's). What is 1 - phase load or what is 3 - phase load? Here we come again briefly understandable to speak on the basics of electrical engineering. 1 - phase means that you only have one phase in the energy supply. In that case it would be the brown single wire from the line (eg normal household power outlet) on which 230 V voltage prevails. The blue wire is always the neutral conductor. The green - yellow wire is always the PE (Protective Earth) - as the name suggests, the wire may only be used for protection purposes worldwide. Note: If you use the wire as a live phase or as a neutral or see that it is being used, then it must be corrected immediately. The electrical installation recognizes via this wire with the upstream protective devices such as miniature circuit breakers, fuses, RCCBs and many other protective devices if there is a fault in the electrical installation and the fuses break loose. Thus, personal injury (in the worst case - death) or property damage is eliminated or reduced. As a power supply is thus a wire available, where current can flow from the phase to the neutral conductor. There are international and national regulations for this installation. For sockets, a 16 A fuse in the form of circuit breaker is normally used. The theory could therefore be connected to a consumer of 230 V x 16 A = 3680 watts (about 3.7 kW). Practically you will never reach this, otherwise the 16A would fuse. Thus one can not count on the charging power of the maximum power of 3.7 kW specified by the manufacturer. Also one must not expect with scarcely under 16 A, since the line or the transitions z. B. in the fuse would be hot and it could come in the worst case to a fire. Realistically you can expect about 13 A x 230 V = 2990 watts. So you have to count on all other performance data. Then you come to a realistic flowing current. With this power, you can now calculate the charge time in connection with your battery capacity. Here I give you an example and in our electric car charging time calculator you can get a short result with your information.

We take the 2990 Watt and you own a Tesla Model S with the battery capacity of 75 kWh (charging capacity). Now you can calculate the electric car charging time

75,000 watts hour / 2990 watts = 25 hours

You can see that this battery life would take a long time. Now you can take the three-phase network instead of the single-phase network to increase performance. For the 3 - phase network this is so that you have 3 phases - L1 brown, L2 black, L3 gray. N and PE remain the same. Now if you have 3 phases available, it is that every single phase has a voltage of 230 V after neutral or PE again. From the network you get now 400 V under the phases - thus L1 to L2, L2 to L3 and L1 to L3. In this network, one speaks of the three-phase network, because it z. B. Motors can move to rotate (closer electrotechnical debauchery save us here). With this net there is also a slightly different formula - P (power) = √ 3 x U (voltage) x I (amperage). As an example: √3 x 400 V x 32 A = 22170 W

For the faster charge you would have to take a charging station, which increases the charging power. Provided, as we have learned before, the E car can bring this charging power into the battery. So if you z. B. now takes a 22 kW charging station (Realistic maximum 20 kW see explanation before - Tesla can give so much power in the battery), then reduces the charging time as follows:

75,000 watts per hour / 20,000 watts = 3.75 hours

You can now use this formula to calculate the charging time for your electric car.

Overview of the electric car charging time for 100 km range

Do not you have an electric car yet? No problem you will find our electric car comparison, where you can see the electric cars currently on the market and like to use the technical data for the charging time calculation.

Electric car history

The electric car is not the invention of the 21st century but was discovered as a technology about 150 years ago. In some cases, more than 50 % of the vehicles were electrically powered.

The electric car was also in such demand in the development, because there were several breakthroughs in this time in the research of electricity. At that time, there were several electric vehicle manufacturers who no longer existed or turned to the production of petrol-powered vehicles.

The further development of electric cars has decreased, as the petrol-driven cars no longer had to be cranked, but could be started automatically. In addition, it was possible to cover longer distances with gasoline-powered vehicles than with batteries, which were sensitive at that time. When also the price of the raw material gasoline sank the electric cars became less, until they were to be found approx. 1920 only in completely small extents and niches.

It was not until the early 1990s that the old technology was revived. Due to the oil crisis in the time the ecological consciousness grew and one wanted to isolate oneself from the oil supplier countries. In addition, the development of mobile phones also led to the development of rechargeable batteries. These new lead-acid batteries made the electric vehicle more attractive as a means of transport.

Some electric cars were produced by different manufacturers in small quantities and sold mainly to companies such as energy suppliers. Many well-known manufacturers such as Daimler Benz and General Motors soon discontinued their production of electric cars for private individuals, as the electric vehicles were not profitable for them.

At the beginning of 2000, electric cars were mainly developed and produced by small companies. With the new and more efficient lithium ion batteries they contributed to the fact that the range was also increased despite more powerful electric vehicles. In 2006 Tesla presented the roadster with a range of 350 km, which showed that electric cars were suitable for everyday use.

Since then, the electric car has been rushing from ever further advances in battery technology to a car of the future via standardized charging systems.

Various countries around the world have recognised this and are promoting electric mobility with various programmes. In many countries, subsidies are given for the purchase of an electric vehicle and, in addition, the charging infrastructure is supported with various measures and funds.

Electric car charging possibility and charging method

What are the different types of charging ?

Which connector types are available ?

What is DC direct current / AC alternating current charging ?

There are only 4 charging modes for electric mobility. This is described in the international standard IEC 61851-1.

The 4 charging modes for electric cars are divided into Mode 1, Mode 2, Mode 3 and Mode 4. Outside these 4 charging modes there are none and are not permitted.

Charge Mode 1

In this charging mode for electric vehicles, you can charge with a maximum of 16 A single or 3 phase. There is no pilot wire implemented in the charging cable that can communicate with the electric vehicle. Thus no 100 % safe charging is possible, since the cable can be pulled under current. Therefore, mode 1 for charging E cars is not installed by car manufacturers.

Charge mode 2

Mode 2 charging of an E car is flexibly ensured by a charging cable, where the charging station is integrated in a box in the charging cable. On one side you can plug in the vehicle with the appropriate type 1 or type 2 plug, then the charging station comes in a box and on the other end there are either permanently installed plugs or exchangeable systems. At this end are the commercially available plugs, which are familiar from the energy supply used up to now. Either a "Schuko" plug 1 - phasig (which fits into the household socket), a blue so-called "camping plug" 16 A 1 - phasig, then the red 16 A CEE plug 3 - phasig and the red 32 A CEE plug 3 - phasig. Here a safety is guaranteed, because everything is integrated in the charging station. In case of overcurrent, the charging box goes into malfunction, also reports a DC fault for personal protection and communicates with the E car via the CP. Thus, the charging of the electric vehicle can only be started and stopped if the vehicle is in order. The type 1 plug or type 2 plug has an additional resistance coding in accordance with the IEC 62196 standard for maximum current limitation, so that a higher current can never flow than the charging cable and the entire system can withstand. The advantage of this charging mode Mode 2 is that the existing power supply can be used. The charging cable is also flexible and can be taken in the car. By expanding, for example, with different plug systems, all possible plug types of the power supply can be covered with one charging cable and one could charge anywhere.

Where there are advantages, there are disadvantages. So you could lose the charging cable or it is not as easily protected against theft as a fixed charging station. In addition, it could be run over or quickly destroyed after a while by e.g. grinding on the ground. Since one does not know how the electrical installation is structured behind the respective socket with wire cross-section or fuse, it could be that in the worst case the charge of the electric car would lead to overheating and fire. Many manufacturers therefore write in the manual that the charging cable is an emergency charging cable or that the socket where the electric car is to be charged should only be checked by a qualified electrician through measurements before use.

HERE YOU CAN FIND OUR SELECTION OF SUITABLE MODE 2 CHARGING CABLES

Charge mode 3

In this charging mode, you have a charging station that is mounted on a wall or on a pedestal. This charging station has its own power supply. It is connected directly from the house / electrical installation (usually distribution box) individually. If you want to charge with Mode 3, then there are two possibilities. Either you take a charging station, which has a fixed charging cable with suitable Ty 1 plug or type 2 plug or you take a charging station with charging socket in type 2. In the first possibility you can choose your individual cable length and the suitable plug for your electric car. However, you are not completely flexible, as you may get an electric vehicle with a different plug type or you may have guests with a different plug type and they could not charge. The advantage is that you can usually put the cable around the charging station or on a wall bracket and have no loose cable.

With the second option, the manufacturers only offer charging stations a charging socket with type 2, because this type of plug has been chosen as the standard in Europe and is therefore oriented towards the future. Now you need a charging cable that you can plug into the charging station and the other end into your electric vehicle. If you have an E car with type 1 plug, you can still charge there, as the manufacturers usually offer a type 1 to type 2 charging cable. Here the advantages turn to the disadvantage and vice versa. You are flexible in your charge, but have to put a cable back into the car or somewhere else.

HERE YOU WILL FIND OUR SELECTION OF SUITABLE MODE 3 CHARGERS

Charge mode 4

In the charging modes Mode 1, Mode 2 and Mode 3, the electric cars charge via the "normal" power supply. This consists of the AC voltage and is only converted into a DC voltage (with small losses) in the vehicle. In mode 4 charging, the electric car is charged via a DC voltage. These charging stations are much more expensive (from approx. 20 000 €) than AC charging stations due to the technology, construction and possibilities of quick charging. Therefore they are mainly installed on highways like motorways. There one arrives with the alternating voltage and this is brought over transformation, rectification and further electrical possibilities on a direct voltage chargeable for the vehicle. This DC voltage is fed into the E car via other connector systems. These include the CHAdeMO plug (derived from the Japanese - translated similarly to CHArge de MOve) and the CCS plug (Combined Charging System). Each connector has its own individual characteristics and performance. Since the DC charging system can transmit an output of 24 kW to 50 kW up to the present level of approx. 350 kW, the charging cables are integrated in the charging station as an extended safety feature and can be removed from the charging station and plugged into the electric car in the same way as at the usual filling station. The plug is locked and charges the vehicle fully.

HERE YOU WILL FIND OUR SELECTION OF SUITABLE MODE 4 CHARGING STATIONS

If you do not have any information or if you would like to know more about the basics or further information about electromobility, please do not hesitate to contact us and we will be happy to help. Click here to contact us!

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